Alterations of the gut microbiome and plasma proteome in Chinese patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
November 24, 2018
Abstract
The etiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), the most common rotational deformity of the spine, is still unclear. Emerging evidence suggests that gut microbiota dysbiosis influences musculoskeletal diseases such as arthritis and osteoporosis. However, the alterations of the fecal microbiome in AIS remain unknown. Thus, the current study was conducted to explore the gut microbiota compositions of Chinese AIS patients. Microbiota communities in the feces of 51 AIS patients and 34 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals were investigated using 16S rRNA sequencing. Meanwhile, the changes in the plasma proteome were detected using tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling coupled with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The relationship between gut microbiota and AIS clinical characteristics as well as the correlation between gut microbiota and the changes in plasma proteins were analyzed. The structure of the gut microbiota differed between the AIS and healthy groups, however, the richness was similar. The genera Prevotella, Gelria, and Desulfovibrio were enriched in the feces of AIS patients. In contrast, the abundance of Parasutterella, Tyzzerella, and Phascolarctobacterium was decreased in the AIS group. More remarkably, a positive correlation between the abundance of the fecal genera Prevotella and the Cobb angles of the AIS patients was observed. Moreover, the major differential plasma proteins related to AIS were Fibronectin 1 (FN1), voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1), Ras homolog family member A (RHOA), and AHNAK nucleoprotein (AHNAK). Additionally, the positive correlations between fecal Prevotella and the expression of host plasma FN1 as well as the negative relationships between fecal Prevotella and the expression of host VDAC1 and AHNAK were confirmed. Elucidating these differences in the gut microbiota will provide a foundation to improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of AIS and to support potential therapeutic options based on modifying the gut microbiota.
The new study is in line with earlier research.
Nutrition as an environmental factor in the etiology of idiopathic scoliosis.
March - April, 1993
Discussion
Nutrition has already been implicated in scoliosis due to rickets, and worldwide there has been an anecdotal association between poor nutrition and IS. In rural South America, Risser is reported to have observed that a large portion of the IS patients were malnourished and consumed more sugar and flour than normal children. Frederich noted the poor nutritional status of European patients, while Stearns found that American IS patients consumed too many carbohydrates and too little protein.
These observations are supported by two recent studies, one in the Soviet Union and the other in the United States. The Soviet study found that the incidence of IS was 4 times higher in undernourished children than the population of children at large, while the United States study found that IS patients were picky eaters who consumed twice the amount of candy and soda as their unaffected contemporaries. it is noteworthy that the observers who mentioned any particular dietary anomaly, all noted the larger than average consumption of carbohydrates: in particular, simple carbohydrates.
November 24, 2018
Abstract
The etiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), the most common rotational deformity of the spine, is still unclear. Emerging evidence suggests that gut microbiota dysbiosis influences musculoskeletal diseases such as arthritis and osteoporosis. However, the alterations of the fecal microbiome in AIS remain unknown. Thus, the current study was conducted to explore the gut microbiota compositions of Chinese AIS patients. Microbiota communities in the feces of 51 AIS patients and 34 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals were investigated using 16S rRNA sequencing. Meanwhile, the changes in the plasma proteome were detected using tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling coupled with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The relationship between gut microbiota and AIS clinical characteristics as well as the correlation between gut microbiota and the changes in plasma proteins were analyzed. The structure of the gut microbiota differed between the AIS and healthy groups, however, the richness was similar. The genera Prevotella, Gelria, and Desulfovibrio were enriched in the feces of AIS patients. In contrast, the abundance of Parasutterella, Tyzzerella, and Phascolarctobacterium was decreased in the AIS group. More remarkably, a positive correlation between the abundance of the fecal genera Prevotella and the Cobb angles of the AIS patients was observed. Moreover, the major differential plasma proteins related to AIS were Fibronectin 1 (FN1), voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1), Ras homolog family member A (RHOA), and AHNAK nucleoprotein (AHNAK). Additionally, the positive correlations between fecal Prevotella and the expression of host plasma FN1 as well as the negative relationships between fecal Prevotella and the expression of host VDAC1 and AHNAK were confirmed. Elucidating these differences in the gut microbiota will provide a foundation to improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of AIS and to support potential therapeutic options based on modifying the gut microbiota.
The new study is in line with earlier research.
Nutrition as an environmental factor in the etiology of idiopathic scoliosis.
March - April, 1993
Discussion
Nutrition has already been implicated in scoliosis due to rickets, and worldwide there has been an anecdotal association between poor nutrition and IS. In rural South America, Risser is reported to have observed that a large portion of the IS patients were malnourished and consumed more sugar and flour than normal children. Frederich noted the poor nutritional status of European patients, while Stearns found that American IS patients consumed too many carbohydrates and too little protein.
These observations are supported by two recent studies, one in the Soviet Union and the other in the United States. The Soviet study found that the incidence of IS was 4 times higher in undernourished children than the population of children at large, while the United States study found that IS patients were picky eaters who consumed twice the amount of candy and soda as their unaffected contemporaries. it is noteworthy that the observers who mentioned any particular dietary anomaly, all noted the larger than average consumption of carbohydrates: in particular, simple carbohydrates.
Comment