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Comparing results from BrAIST and ISICO

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  • Comparing results from BrAIST and ISICO

    Main conclusion - ISICO more successful largely due to more hours in brace.

    First author was on BrAIST study and she is now defining failure as Cobb ≥40° and/or ≥Risser 4 which is more realistic than BrAIST which had a cut off of 50* Cobb with up to 25% growth remaining.

    Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Bracing Success Is Influenced by Time in Brace: Comparative Effectiveness Analysis of BrAIST and ISICO Cohorts
    Dolan, Lori A.; Donzelli, Sabrina; Zaina, Fabio; More
    SPINE. 45(17):1193-1199, September 1, 2020.

    Abstract

    Objective.
    To evaluate factors leading to higher percentage of brace failures in a cohort of North American patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis relative to their peers in Italy.

    Summary of Background Data.
    Studies of bracing in United States have shown worse outcomes than studies from European centers, possibly due to sample characteristics or treatment approaches.

    Methods.
    Sample: Braced patients, aged 10 to 15, Risser <3, Cobb 20°- to 40°, observed to Cobb ≥40° and/or ≥Risser 4 selected from prospective databases. Comparators: Bracing per Bracing in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Trial (BrAIST) (TLSO) and Italian Scientific Spine Institute (ISICO) protocol (SPoRT braces with or without SEAS exercises). Baseline characteristics (sex, age, BMI, Risser, Cobb, curve type) and average hours of brace wear/day. Differences in programs ( e.g. , SEAS, type of brace, weaning protocol) were captured by a variable named “SITE.” Outcome : Treatment failure (Cobb ≥40 before Risser 4). Statistics: Comparison of baseline characteristics, analyses of risk factors, treatment components, and outcomes within and between cohorts using logistic regression.

    Results.
    A total of 157 BrAIST and 81 ISICO subjects were included. Cohorts were similar at baseline but differed significantly in terms of average hours of brace wear: 18.31 in the ISICO versus 11.76 in the BrAIST cohort. Twelve percent of the ISICO and 39% of the BrAIST cohort had failed treatment. Age, Risser, Cobb, and a thoracic apex predicted failure in both groups. SITE was related to failure (odds ratio [OR] = 0.19), indicating lower odds of failure with ISICO versus BrAIST approach. With both SITE and wear time in the model, SITE loose significance. In the final model, the adjusted odds of failure were higher in boys (OR = 3.34), and those with lowest BMI (OR = 9.83); the odds increased with the Cobb angle (OR = 1.23), and decreased with age (OR = 0.41) and hours of wear (OR = 0.86).

    Conclusion.
    Treatment at the ISICO resulted in a lower failure rate, primarily explained by longer average hours of brace wear.

    Level of Evidence: 3
    Sharon, mother of identical twin girls with scoliosis

    No island of sanity.

    Question: What do you call alternative medicine that works?
    Answer: Medicine


    "We are all African."

  • #2
    Originally posted by Pooka1 View Post
    Main conclusion - ISICO more successful largely due to more hours in brace.

    First author was on BrAIST study and she is now defining failure as Cobb ≥40° and/or ≥Risser 4 which is more realistic than BrAIST which had a cut off of 50* Cobb with up to 25% growth remaining.

    Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Bracing Success Is Influenced by Time in Brace: Comparative Effectiveness Analysis of BrAIST and ISICO Cohorts
    Dolan, Lori A.; Donzelli, Sabrina; Zaina, Fabio; More
    SPINE. 45(17):1193-1199, September 1, 2020.

    Abstract

    Objective.
    To evaluate factors leading to higher percentage of brace failures in a cohort of North American patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis relative to their peers in Italy.

    Summary of Background Data.
    Studies of bracing in United States have shown worse outcomes than studies from European centers, possibly due to sample characteristics or treatment approaches.

    Methods.
    Sample: Braced patients, aged 10 to 15, Risser <3, Cobb 20°- to 40°, observed to Cobb ≥40° and/or ≥Risser 4 selected from prospective databases. Comparators: Bracing per Bracing in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Trial (BrAIST) (TLSO) and Italian Scientific Spine Institute (ISICO) protocol (SPoRT braces with or without SEAS exercises). Baseline characteristics (sex, age, BMI, Risser, Cobb, curve type) and average hours of brace wear/day. Differences in programs ( e.g. , SEAS, type of brace, weaning protocol) were captured by a variable named “SITE.” Outcome : Treatment failure (Cobb ≥40 before Risser 4). Statistics: Comparison of baseline characteristics, analyses of risk factors, treatment components, and outcomes within and between cohorts using logistic regression.

    Results.
    A total of 157 BrAIST and 81 ISICO subjects were included. Cohorts were similar at baseline but differed significantly in terms of average hours of brace wear: 18.31 in the ISICO versus 11.76 in the BrAIST cohort. Twelve percent of the ISICO and 39% of the BrAIST cohort had failed treatment. Age, Risser, Cobb, and a thoracic apex predicted failure in both groups. SITE was related to failure (odds ratio [OR] = 0.19), indicating lower odds of failure with ISICO versus BrAIST approach. With both SITE and wear time in the model, SITE loose significance. In the final model, the adjusted odds of failure were higher in boys (OR = 3.34), and those with lowest BMI (OR = 9.83); the odds increased with the Cobb angle (OR = 1.23), and decreased with age (OR = 0.41) and hours of wear (OR = 0.86).

    Conclusion.
    Treatment at the ISICO resulted in a lower failure rate, primarily explained by longer average hours of brace wear.

    Level of Evidence: 3
    This interesting. Curious about PT in the two groups -- my understanding is that European patients are a lot more likely to be doing PT to supplement the bracing.

    One slight nit -- as I read the synopsis, failure was defined as Cobb 40 or higher *prior* to Risser 4 (not prior to or at Risser 4). If a kid hit Risser 4 under 40 they were coded as a success. I agree that that is likely a more realistic benchmark than 50 degrees.

    Comment


    • #3
      Thanks for that correction, CD.

      ETA... I want to see if Dolan included sumstats on final angles which were conspicuous by their absence in the BrAIST pub.
      Last edited by Pooka1; 08-20-2020, 12:55 PM.
      Sharon, mother of identical twin girls with scoliosis

      No island of sanity.

      Question: What do you call alternative medicine that works?
      Answer: Medicine


      "We are all African."

      Comment

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